Early Forms of Lighting

Here are some early lighting that I have. I believe that they are all from the 18th Century.
The first photo shows a combination Rush/Candle holder. Candles took time to make, so they were reserved to when guests came to the house. If the family needed light other than from the fireplace, they burned rush (Cattail stem core that was soaked in animal fat)
The second photo shows a saw tooth trammel candle holder. It was raised or lowered by the tooth level that you chose for the need at hand
The third is a double cup primitive fat burning lamp, possibly made by the colonial pioneer himself by the crude construction, I really like it though.
The third is a fat lamp called a "Petty coat Lamp". Called this because of the unique shape that resembles a woman's petty coat. It could be placed on a table for light, or could be placed on the spire of a ladder back chair while reading the scriptures. There is a cup shaped tube soldered under the petticoat skirt that you could fit the lamp snuggly on the chair spire.